- Chimera-users - RBVI Mailing Lists

Save marker sets from command line or python
by Kyle Morris 30 Jan '17

30 Jan '17

Dear Chimera dev and community, I would like to save a marker set from the command line and ultimately do so in a script. Using the write command which I would use for PDB's, marker sets get saved in PDB format, of course. Is there a command to save the marker set as XML .cmm as it would from the volume tracer menu? I notice at the bottom of the following page this is a suggested development: https://www.cgl.ucsf.edu/chimera/docs/ContributedSoftware/volumepathtracer/… - supply Python code for reading and writing the XML files containing saved marker sets Is it there already and I can't find perhaps? Thanks for your help as ever! Best wishes, Kyle

3 2

on chimera unit cell function
by Smith Liu 29 Jan '17

29 Jan '17

Dear All, In Chimera, we do Tools →Higher-Order Structure→Unit Cell, then what will be the diffenrence if we clicked "Pack molecules in unit cell" in comparison with if we did not click "Pack molecules in unit cell"? Does it mean that what we observed (or what Chimera displayed) if we click "Pack molecules in unit cell" , was really part of what it displayed if we did not click "Pack molecules in unit cell" but we increased the "Number of Cells" significantly? I am looking forward to getting a reply from you. Smith

2 3

Metal Geometry Analysis - per frame
by Ilkow, Veronica 27 Jan '17

27 Jan '17

Dear All, Is there a way I could include the metal geometry analysis as a per frame script for a MD movie? Ideally I would like to have an output file which lists the best geometry and essentially prints out the co-ordination table for two atom selections per frame. I am trying to figure out how to use the python or chimera per-frame commands to specifically select an atom and then print an output file. Any hints and suggestions on how to do this will be greatly appreciated. Thank you in advance for your help. -Veronica

2 1

Re: [Chimera-users] dipoles
by Tom Goddard 25 Jan '17

25 Jan '17

Hi Vatsala, To change the arrow thickness change the line of code in the dipole.py script bildString = ".arrow %g %g %g %g %g %g .1 .2 .9" The values at the end control the shape, the “.1” is the cylinder radius, the “.2” is the arrow tip cone radius, and the “.9” is the fraction of the arrow length taken by the cylinder. This is described in the Chimera BILD format documentation here https://www.cgl.ucsf.edu/chimera/docs/UsersGuide/bild.html <https://www.cgl.ucsf.edu/chimera/docs/UsersGuide/bild.html> Tom > On Jan 25, 2017, at 10:02 AM, Sagar, Vatsala (NIH/NEI) [E] wrote: > > Hi Tom, > Do you know how to change the dipole vector thickness. I am using dipole.py program to calculate dipoles in Chimera, and it is giving me a very thin line. > Thanks a lot, I sincerely appreciate it, > Vatsala Sagar > > From: "Sagar, Vatsala (NIH/NEI) [F]" > Date: Friday, January 6, 2017 at 10:09 AM > To: Tom Goddard , "chimera-users(a)cgl.ucsf.edu <mailto:chimera-users@cgl.ucsf.edu> BB" <chimera-users(a)cgl.ucsf.edu <mailto:chimera-users@cgl.ucsf.edu>>, "Sagar, Vatsala (NIH/NEI) [F]" > Subject: Re: [Chimera-users] dipoles > > Hi Tom, > I am attaching the PQR files and raw PDB files of the crystal structure of human gamma D with two monomers rotated 90 degrees to one another. Please take a look at it and tell me what you think, > Thanks, > Vatsala > From: Tom Goddard > Date: Thursday, January 5, 2017 at 7:07 PM > To: "chimera-users(a)cgl.ucsf.edu <mailto:chimera-users@cgl.ucsf.edu> BB" <chimera-users(a)cgl.ucsf.edu <mailto:chimera-users@cgl.ucsf.edu>>, "Sagar, Vatsala (NIH/NEI) [F]" > Subject: Re: [Chimera-users] dipoles > > Hi Vatsala, > > I guess you are refering to the dipole.py script on the Chimera Python scripts web page: > > http://plato.cgl.ucsf.edu/trac/chimera/wiki/Scripts <http://plato.cgl.ucsf.edu/trac/chimera/wiki/Scripts> > > Yes it should give the same answer for a molecule and a copy of that molecule rotated by 90 degrees. Without have the structure and rotated PQR files I don’t know what is going wrong. > > Tom > > >> On Jan 4, 2017, at 11:17 AM, Sagar, Vatsala (NIH/NEI) [F] wrote: >> >> Hi, >> Do you know if there is a method to calculate dipoles in Chimera? I have generated a PQR structure in predicted protonation state and uploaded it onto Chimera. I then used a downloaded app called dimer.py to calculate the dipole moments of two of the same monomers rotated 90degrees. Technically they should both give the same dipole as the structures align 100% but according to the PDB coordinates are only rotated relative to one another. The dipole.py scipt is calculating them as two different dipoles. Can you help me with this? >> Thanks, >> Vatsala Sagar >> _______________________________________________ >> Chimera-users mailing list: Chimera-users(a)cgl.ucsf.edu <mailto:Chimera-users@cgl.ucsf.edu> >> Manage subscription: http://plato.cgl.ucsf.edu/mailman/listinfo/chimera-users <http://plato.cgl.ucsf.edu/mailman/listinfo/chimera-users> >

1 0

on Multiscale Models
by Smith Liu 23 Jan '17

23 Jan '17

Dear Al, In the "Mutiscale Models" Windows , will you please tell me what does it mean for the item "Range"? I am looking forward to getting a reply from you. Smith

2 1

Python script for reading volume values at atom positions
by Kyle Morris 19 Jan '17

19 Jan '17

Dear chimera dev and users, Can anyone confirm with the latest chimera version (i’m running v1.11.2 build 41376) if this python script for measuring map values at atoms works for them? The script was reported previously on the users list here: http://plato.cgl.ucsf.edu/pipermail/chimera-users/2007-May/001587.html For me I get a python import error: from VolumeViewer import Data_Region, full_region, Rendering_Options Thanks for your insight! Best wishes, Kyle

3 6

beta sheet to loop
by chemocev marker 19 Jan '17

19 Jan '17

Hi I am looking at some region of the protein in chimera and it looks like a loop but the from the procheck analysis it shows a beta-hair pin like structure. In the electron density, its shows a hydrogen bonding between the main chain atom. Why is this difference and how to overcome on it. best Jiri

2 1

forget last question
by A G Szabo 18 Jan '17

18 Jan '17

Forget the last question regarding visualizing nucleotides as balls and sticks. Figured it out. ags

1 0

quick question
by A G Szabo 18 Jan '17

18 Jan '17

I am looking at a protein polynucleotide structure. How do I turn the rectangles that represent the individual nucleotide into balls and sticks? Thanks Arthur G. Szabo

1 0

Autodock vina + modeller + ATOM syntax error
by Zirpel, Bastian 18 Jan '17

18 Jan '17

Hi everyone, I'm using Chimera 1.11.2 on windows. I am experience following error after my workflow. I fetched a known pdb model from the servers and generated several structural models of similar sequences using the integrated MODELLER script. Since my pdb model contains a covalently attached cofactor in the active site, I let MODELLER include non-water HETATM into my structural models as well. Afterwards I tried to do substrate/product binding studies with the known pdb model as well as with the generated structural models using the AutoDockVina script. However, when I run the script with the known pdb model, everything works fine. But when I'm running the script with the structural models, I receive following error msg: "Parse error on line 8553 in file "receptor.pdbqt": ATOM syntax incorrect: "Ho" is not a valid AutoDock type. Note that AutoDock atom types are case-sensitive." It should be noted that this error does not occur if I won't include non-water HETATM by MODELLER. Makes sense, since having a look at the generated pdbqt file, the FAD lines are generating the error. " HETATM 8554 HO3' FAD 525 62.339 60.023 -29.788 1.00 0.00 0.238 Ho HETATM 8555 HO2' FAD 525 66.741 58.106 -28.406 1.00 0.00 0.397 Ho HETATM 8556 HO3B FAD 525 60.634 66.984 -32.274 1.00 0.00 0.221 Ho HETATM 8557 HO4' FAD 525 65.182 62.428 -29.602 1.00 0.00 0.217 Ho HETATM 8558 1H6A FAD 525 68.751 67.392 -38.565 1.00 0.00 0.157 HD HETATM 8559 2H6A FAD 525 68.156 65.783 -38.183 1.00 0.00 0.157 HD HETATM 8560 HO2B FAD 525 62.183 68.217 -34.408 1.00 0.00 0.253 Ho " I found that AutoDockVina needs a "HD" instead of a "Ho" entry at these positions? Is this correct? So my question is, why is AutoDock vina generating a pdbqt file in the first place which it cannot read properly in the next step? How can I prevent this? I cannot just change the pdbqt entries as AutoDockVina will overwrite it again. Thanks in advance for any help! Bastian

2 1

model panel: long 'clicking time'
by Julian von der Ecken 17 Jan '17

17 Jan '17

Dear Chimera Team, there is a long delay between on and off of the ’S’-checkbox (show button) in the model panel. I mean the model it self vanished instantly but the ckeckbox takes much longer to be set to on/off. Mac OS X 64-bit Version tested (1.11 2016-06-30, 1.11.2 2016-12-02; ): very slow. In older versions (1.10.2 2015-07-23) it was much faster. It is kind unfortunate when you click very fast through all models manually or you just want to alternatively show and hide one model very fast to see differences. Is it possible to set the speed somewhere/somehow? Thanks a lot for your advise Julian ————————————————————————————————— Julian von der Ecken, Ph.D. Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Physiology Department of Structural Biochemistry Otto-Hahn-Str. 11 44227 Dortmund, Germany room: B2.27 tel: (+49) (0)231 133-2306 e-mail: julian.von-der-ecken(a)mpi-dortmund.mpg.de<mailto:julian.von-der-ecken@mpi-dortmund.mpg.de> institute: http://www.mpi-dortmund.mpg.de group: http://www.mpi-dortmund.mpg.de/forschungsgruppen/raunser

2 2

Transparency of surface colored with electrostatic potential file
by Sarah Piper 17 Jan '17

17 Jan '17

Hi, I was wondering if you can make a surface transparent, which contains an electrostatic potential file (.dx), calculated with APBS? It would be nice to be able to see the ribbon structure of my .pdb file within the coloured surface. I’m using mol maps or SES to create the surface (my surface calculations (MSMS) usually fails, probably because of too large .pdb files) and then color this surface (Surface Color) with the submitted potential file from APBS. If I then want to make the surface with the potential colouring transparent, it doesn’t work. It just works to make the ’normal’ surface color itself transparent (e.g. transp 70,s #1). Does anyone have an idea if I can make the potential file or surface with electrostatic potential transparent as well? Many thanks for your help. Best regards, Sarah

2 2

Visualization Martini coarse grained model in Chimera
by MOHD HOMAIDUR RAHMAN 17 Jan '17

17 Jan '17

Dear All It is possible to visualize martini coarse grained bead of proteins and lipid in Chimera? if yes please guide me for same. Thanks & regards Rahman ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' *M*d* H*omaidur* R**ahman *( Research Scholar ) Lab No. 510, Computational Biophysics Lab. Department of Biotechnology Indian Institute of Technology-Madras Chennai-600 036, India *Mobile No = +91- 7845991785* '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''

3 6

on Unit Cell function
by Smith Liu 17 Jan '17

17 Jan '17

Dear All, Once we load a PDB in chimera, in Tools-Higher order structure-Unit Cell, if we click "Make copies", the copies of the PDB would be created based on space group, with each copy has a specific # (0,1,2,3..., for example). Will you please let me know is any rule available for how the number of # for each copy of PDB was defined? It seems the PDB copies with consecutive specific # were not most closely related in the Chimera display. I am looking forward to getting a reply from you. Smith

2 1

Fixing the Frame size
by chemocev marker 17 Jan '17

17 Jan '17

Hi I am making some images and I would like to know how to fix the zoom size so that in all the images size of the secondary structure should be similar. best Jiri

2 1

Preference/default for H-bond representation
by Markus Heller 16 Jan '17

16 Jan '17

Hello, Is there a way to set the preference for H-bonds to be represented as dashed lines, not as solid lines? I don't seem to be able to find anything in the Preferences or the documentation. Thanks and Cheers Markus

3 5

virtualization project - UCSF
by Scholz, Sebastian 16 Jan '17

16 Jan '17

Dear Sir or Madam, we, the COMPAREX AG, are a German Reseller. For one of our clients we conduct an evaluation license and have a list of questions provided, in the answer we need your help. This involves essentially the question whether the software can be virtualized and, if so, on what terms. These are crucial questions for the future orientation of its IT strategy for our customer. The Software: (for every Software is one questionnaire) Chimera 1.x Please note, that our questions refer to the latest software version. I therefore kindly ask for a timely response to the questionnaire, which you can found in the appendix (in German and English), but not later than January 23rd 2017. Kindly forward our request to whom it may concern, if you are not the responsible contact person. Thank you for your support. I look forward hearing from you soon. Kind regards / Mit freundlichen Grüßen Sebastian Scholz International Sales Team ______________________________________ COMPAREX AG Software Inside Sales Blochstraße 1 04329 Leipzig Direct contact: Sebastian Scholz mobile: +49 341 2568 6643 email: Sebastian.Scholz(a)comparex.de<mailto:Sebastian.Scholz@comparex.de> COMPAREX AG | Blochstraße 1 | 04329 Leipzig | Amtsgericht Leipzig | HRB: 15064 | USt-ID: DE 141626867 | Vorstand: Mag. Wilfried Pruschak (Vorstandsvorsitzender, CEO) | Marc Betgem (CSO) | Dr. Thomas Reich (CFO) | Aufsichtsratsvorsitzender: Mag. Wilhelm Doupnik | phone: +49 341 2568 000 | fax: +49 341 2568 999 | email: info(a)comparex.de<mailto:info@comparex.de> | web: www.comparex.de<http://www.comparex.de/>

1 0

Docking license
by Farah Yousef 13 Jan '17

13 Jan '17

Hello, I need an assisdtance in what I faced in submitting after I filled the required info for DOCK 6. Pages cannot be opened though I checked my net connection and I know DOCK program is free of charge and available for academic projects. Hope I get help in obtaining the license for DOCK 6, please. Best wishes,Farah Yousef

3 2

Web services (Modeller, Blast, etc.) running
by Elaine Meng 13 Jan '17

13 Jan '17

Hello users, I believe the RBVI web services called from Chimera are now running, thanks to the efforts of my coworkers. I just now verified running Modeller, Blast (requires Chimera 1.11.2 or later), and sequence realignment with Clustal Omega or Muscle. Best, Elaine ----- Elaine C. Meng, Ph.D. UCSF Computer Graphics Lab (Chimera team) and Babbitt Lab Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry University of California, San Francisco

2 1

Deleting a surface on command line, not just hiding it
by Rebecca Swett 12 Jan '17

12 Jan '17

Hi all, I'm working on an animation, and I'd like to know if there's a way I can delete or close a calculated surface from the command line. For my purposes, I'd like to show the surface representation of the protein, remove it, then show a dynamics trajectory, and show the surface again at a separate point (while the trajectory is stopped). Currently, without being able to close the surface, it tries to recalculate the surface at each trajectory frame, which doesn't work for my purposes. Let me know if this is possible. Cheers, Rebecca This email message and any attachments are confidential and intended for use by the addressee(s) only. If you are not the intended recipient, please notify me immediately by replying to this message, and destroy all copies of this message and any attachments. Thank you.

2 2

Re: [Chimera-users] dipoles
by Sagar, Vatsala (NIH/NEI) [E] 12 Jan '17

12 Jan '17

Hi Tom, So if you align the pdb files of the rotated proteins, they have an exact match. But when you make the PQR files, it adds hydrogens differently to the rotated proteins, resulting in a charge difference in the said histidine. Should the program be adding hydrogens differently to the rotated proteins, and is there a way to remedy this> Thanks a lot, Vatsala Sagar From: "Sagar, Vatsala (NIH/NEI) [F]" <vatsala.sagar(a)nih.gov <mailto:vatsala.sagar@nih.gov>> Date: Friday, January 6, 2017 at 10:27 AM To: "chimera-bugs(a)cgl.ucsf.edu <mailto:chimera-bugs@cgl.ucsf.edu>" <chimera-bugs(a)cgl.ucsf.edu <mailto:chimera-bugs@cgl.ucsf.edu>> Subject: FW: [Chimera-users] dipoles Hi Tom, I am attaching the PQR files and raw PDB files of the crystal structure of human gamma D with two monomers rotated 90 degrees to one another. Please take a look at it and tell me what you think, Thanks, Vatsala From: Tom Goddard <goddard(a)sonic.net <mailto:goddard@sonic.net>> Date: Thursday, January 5, 2017 at 7:07 PM To: "chimera-users(a)cgl.ucsf.edu <mailto:chimera-users@cgl.ucsf.edu> BB" <chimera-users(a)cgl.ucsf.edu <mailto:chimera-users@cgl.ucsf.edu>>, "Sagar, Vatsala (NIH/NEI) [F]" <vatsala.sagar(a)nih.gov <mailto:vatsala.sagar@nih.gov>> Subject: Re: [Chimera-users] dipoles Hi Vatsala, I guess you are refering to the dipole.py script on the Chimera Python scripts web page: http://plato.cgl.ucsf.edu/trac/chimera/wiki/Scripts <http://plato.cgl.ucsf.edu/trac/chimera/wiki/Scripts> Yes it should give the same answer for a molecule and a copy of that molecule rotated by 90 degrees. Without have the structure and rotated PQR files I don’t know what is going wrong. Tom > On Jan 4, 2017, at 11:17 AM, Sagar, Vatsala (NIH/NEI) [F] wrote: > > Hi, > Do you know if there is a method to calculate dipoles in Chimera? I have generated a PQR structure in predicted protonation state and uploaded it onto Chimera. I then used a downloaded app called dimer.py to calculate the dipole moments of two of the same monomers rotated 90degrees. Technically they should both give the same dipole as the structures align 100% but according to the PDB coordinates are only rotated relative to one another. The dipole.py scipt is calculating them as two different dipoles. Can you help me with this? > Thanks, > Vatsala Sagar > _______________________________________________ > Chimera-users mailing list: Chimera-users(a)cgl.ucsf.edu <mailto:Chimera-users@cgl.ucsf.edu> > Manage subscription: http://plato.cgl.ucsf.edu/mailman/listinfo/chimera-users <http://plato.cgl.ucsf.edu/mailman/listinfo/chimera-users>

2 1

Re: [Chimera-users] dipoles
by Tom Goddard 10 Jan '17

10 Jan '17

Hi Vatsala, If you run the Chimera pdb2pqr command or graphical interface on a molecule and a rotated copy of the same molecule and it gives different protonation states for histidine that seems like a bug. As described in the Chimera documentation this uses the PDB2PQR web service provided by the National Biomedical Computation Resource (NBCR). https://www.cgl.ucsf.edu/chimera/docs/UsersGuide/midas/pdb2pqr.html <https://www.cgl.ucsf.edu/chimera/docs/UsersGuide/midas/pdb2pqr.html> You might want to contact the developers of PDB2PQR to pursue this matter further http://www.poissonboltzmann.org/support/home/ <http://www.poissonboltzmann.org/support/home/> Chimera can also add hydrogens and compute charges using the Chimera DockPrep tool so maybe that is an option for you to avoid this problem in pdb2pqr. Tom > On Jan 10, 2017, at 7:35 AM, Sagar, Vatsala (NIH/NEI) [E] <vatsala.sagar(a)nih.gov> wrote: > > Hi Tom, > So if you align the pdb files of the rotated proteins, they have an exact match. But when you make the PQR files, it adds hydrogens differently to the rotated proteins, resulting in a charge difference in the said histidine. Should the program be adding hydrogens differently to the rotated proteins, and is there a way to remedy this> > Thanks a lot, > Vatsala Sagar > > From: "Sagar, Vatsala (NIH/NEI) [F]" <vatsala.sagar(a)nih.gov <mailto:vatsala.sagar@nih.gov>> > Date: Friday, January 6, 2017 at 10:09 AM > To: Tom Goddard <goddard(a)sonic.net <mailto:goddard@sonic.net>>, "chimera-users(a)cgl.ucsf.edu <mailto:chimera-users@cgl.ucsf.edu> BB" <chimera-users(a)cgl.ucsf.edu <mailto:chimera-users@cgl.ucsf.edu>>, "Sagar, Vatsala (NIH/NEI) [F]" <vatsala.sagar(a)nih.gov <mailto:vatsala.sagar@nih.gov>> > Subject: Re: [Chimera-users] dipoles > > Hi Tom, > I am attaching the PQR files and raw PDB files of the crystal structure of human gamma D with two monomers rotated 90 degrees to one another. Please take a look at it and tell me what you think, > Thanks, > Vatsala > From: Tom Goddard <goddard(a)sonic.net <mailto:goddard@sonic.net>> > Date: Thursday, January 5, 2017 at 7:07 PM > To: "chimera-users(a)cgl.ucsf.edu <mailto:chimera-users@cgl.ucsf.edu> BB" <chimera-users(a)cgl.ucsf.edu <mailto:chimera-users@cgl.ucsf.edu>>, "Sagar, Vatsala (NIH/NEI) [F]" <vatsala.sagar(a)nih.gov <mailto:vatsala.sagar@nih.gov>> > Subject: Re: [Chimera-users] dipoles > > Hi Vatsala, > > I guess you are refering to the dipole.py script on the Chimera Python scripts web page: > > http://plato.cgl.ucsf.edu/trac/chimera/wiki/Scripts <http://plato.cgl.ucsf.edu/trac/chimera/wiki/Scripts> > > Yes it should give the same answer for a molecule and a copy of that molecule rotated by 90 degrees. Without have the structure and rotated PQR files I don’t know what is going wrong. > > Tom > > >> On Jan 4, 2017, at 11:17 AM, Sagar, Vatsala (NIH/NEI) [F] wrote: >> >> Hi, >> Do you know if there is a method to calculate dipoles in Chimera? I have generated a PQR structure in predicted protonation state and uploaded it onto Chimera. I then used a downloaded app called dimer.py to calculate the dipole moments of two of the same monomers rotated 90degrees. Technically they should both give the same dipole as the structures align 100% but according to the PDB coordinates are only rotated relative to one another. The dipole.py scipt is calculating them as two different dipoles. Can you help me with this? >> Thanks, >> Vatsala Sagar >> _______________________________________________ >> Chimera-users mailing list: Chimera-users(a)cgl.ucsf.edu <mailto:Chimera-users@cgl.ucsf.edu> >> Manage subscription: http://plato.cgl.ucsf.edu/mailman/listinfo/chimera-users <http://plato.cgl.ucsf.edu/mailman/listinfo/chimera-users> >

1 0

Map conservation of my sequence compared to sequence alignment
by mfellner＠msu.edu 09 Jan '17

09 Jan '17

Good day I like the mapping sequence conservation tool in chimera, however I ran into a problem that IÂ could not overcome with anything IÂ found online. I have the consensus mapped onto my protein but that is not what IÂ want. IÂ want to show how the residues of my protein are conserved. For example at a particular residue the consensus is a C but in my structure its a W. at the moment the W is colored to be highly conserved based on the consenus of the C. The W is maybe 15% conserved, how can IÂ map the conservation of my sequence compared to all the other sequences. IÂ hope IÂ explained what my issue is Thank you for this great tool Matthias Fellner

3 2

dipoles
by Sagar, Vatsala (NIH/NEI) [F] 06 Jan '17

06 Jan '17

Hi, Do you know if there is a method to calculate dipoles in Chimera? I have generated a PQR structure in predicted protonation state and uploaded it onto Chimera. I then used a downloaded app called dimer.py to calculate the dipole moments of two of the same monomers rotated 90degrees. Technically they should both give the same dipole as the structures align 100% but according to the PDB coordinates are only rotated relative to one another. The dipole.py scipt is calculating them as two different dipoles. Can you help me with this? Thanks, Vatsala Sagar

2 3

Mutation in Chimera
by Islam, Tanzila 06 Jan '17

06 Jan '17

Hi I am learning Chimera and I have gone through soe online tutorials. The tutorials showed how to introduce point mutation by Rotamers command. But it only allows to replace 1 ammino acid residue at a time. I want to insert 4-5 ammino acid residues in a gap of a sequence. Is there any standard procedure, command in Chimera that will let me do this type of residue insertion? This is really crucial for my research work. Thanks Tanzila Islam Graduate Student Washington State University

2 6